Tubectomy, also known as tubal ligation or female sterilization, is a surgical procedure for permanent contraception in women. It involves blocking or sealing the fallopian tubes, which are the tubes that carry eggs from the ovaries to the uterus. By interrupting the fallopian tubes, the procedure prevents sperm from reaching the egg, preventing fertilization and subsequent pregnancy.
Here is an overview of the tubectomy procedure:
- Consultation and Counseling: Before undergoing tubectomy, a woman typically has a consultation with a healthcare provider. During this consultation, the procedure, its permanency, and potential risks and benefits are discussed. The healthcare provider ensures that the individual fully understands the implications of the decision.
- Preparation: The procedure is often performed in a hospital or outpatient surgery center. Depending on the facility and the individual’s health, tubectomy may be done as an outpatient procedure or may require a short hospital stay.
- Anesthesia: Tubectomy is usually performed under general anesthesia, although local or regional anesthesia may also be used. This ensures that the woman is unconscious and does not feel pain during the procedure.
- Tubectomy Procedure: There are different methods for performing tubectomy, but they all involve blocking or sealing the fallopian tubes. The common methods include:
- Cutting and tying the tubes (ligation)
- Sealing the tubes with clips or rings
- Applying an electric current to block the tubes (electrocoagulation)
- Placing a small device (such as a tubal implant) in the tubes to induce scarring and blockage
- Closure: After blocking or sealing the fallopian tubes, the incisions are closed with stitches or staples. In some cases, no stitches are needed, and the incisions are closed with adhesive strips.
- Recovery: Recovery time varies, but women are generally advised to rest and avoid strenuous activities for a few days after the procedure. Pain and discomfort are common initially but can be managed with medication.
- Follow-Up: A follow-up appointment is scheduled to monitor the recovery and ensure the success of the procedure. It’s important to use alternative contraception until a follow-up test confirms that the fallopian tubes are blocked and fertility is effectively prevented.
Tubectomy is a permanent form of contraception and is not easily reversible. While tubal ligation reversal is possible, its success is not guaranteed, and the procedure is more complex than the initial tubal ligation.